The chromatic number problem, also now known as the Hadwiger Nelson problem, was a favorite of Paul ErdQs, who mentioned it frequently in his problems lectures.
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Graph coloring has been studied as an algorithmic problem since the early 1970s : the chromatic number problem is one of Karp s 21 NP-complete problems from 1972, and at approximately the same time various exponential-time algorithms were developed based on backtracking and on the deletion-contraction recurrence of.